Solar street lights can continuously illuminate at night, and the core of the system relies on energy storage batteries to realize energy storage and release at night. The whole system is mainly composed of four core components: solar photovoltaic panels,energy storage batteries, solar charge and discharge controllers and LED light sources. Each module works cooperatively to complete the whole process of light energy conversion, energy storage and night lighting.
First, solar photovoltaic panels
Solar photovoltaic panels are packaged by monocrystalline silicon or polycrystalline silicon cell arrays, and rely on the physical principle of photoelectric effect to directly convert natural light energy into direct current energy.
Its photoelectric conversion efficiency is affected by the material specifications of the module and the ambient light intensity:the higher the light intensity, the greater the electric energy conversion output; When the light decreases, the power generation decreases accordingly. Even if the illumination duration and intensity decrease in winter, the photovoltaic panel can still complete photoelectric conversion normally and continuously output electric energy.
Second, the energy storage battery
The electric energy generated by photovoltaic panels is direct current, which can be directly connected to energy storage batteries to store and store energy, so as to reserve surplus electric energy during the day, provide stable power support for night lighting, and solve the problems of uneven day and night lighting and inability to supply power immediately.
Third, the solar charge and discharge controller
The controller is the core and central component of the solar street light system, which plays multiple key roles:
Stabilize constant current output, simplify LED drive configuration and optimize power supply link;
Accurately control the charging and discharging period of the battery to realize the regular start and stop of street lights and intelligent lighting;
It has multiple protection functions such as short circuit protection, overload protection and undervoltage protection, which ensures the safe and stable operation of photovoltaic panels, storage batteries and LED light sources and prolongs the service life of the whole set of equipment.
Fourth, the overall working principle of the system
When there is enough natural light in the daytime, the photovoltaic panel converts light energy into direct current energy through photoelectric effect, which is stored in the storage battery after being regulated by the controller to complete energy storage; When the illumination is insufficient at night, the controller automatically triggers the discharge mode,and the battery supplies power to the LED light source to realize continuous illumination at night.
